Ethiopia has officially launched its Nuclear Power Programme, marking a significant step toward diversifying its energy sources and bolstering its economic development. A high-level event held in Addis Ababa served as the platform to inaugurate the program and operationalize the Ethiopian Nuclear Energy Commission.
The event drew prominent figures, including Foreign Minister Gedion Timothewos, Ethiopian Nuclear Energy Commissioner Sandokan Debebe, and Mikhail Chudakov, Deputy Director General and Head of the Department of Nuclear Energy at the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Their presence underscored the importance of this initiative for Ethiopia’s future.
The cornerstone of this program is the construction of a large-scale nuclear power plant, an integral part of the $30 billion USD mega-development projects recently unveiled by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. This ambitious undertaking aims to fortify Ethiopia’s energy security and catalyze industrial transformation.
Addressing Energy Vulnerability
Ethiopian Nuclear Energy Commissioner Sandokan Debebe emphasized that the decision to embrace nuclear technology stems from a clear need to ensure national energy security, drive economic transformation, and build long-term national resilience. He highlighted the country’s over-reliance on hydropower, which makes it susceptible to climate variability and exacerbates existing power supply deficits that impact both industries and households.
“No single existing source in our current energy mix can meet this scale of demand,” he stated, pointing to Ethiopia’s rapid economic growth and the consequently soaring demand for sustainable and high-quality electricity.
A Strategic Decision
In light of these challenges, the Ethiopian government has made a strategic decision to adopt nuclear power as a fundamental component of its long-term national energy strategy. This move signifies a commitment to securing a reliable and sustainable energy future for the nation.
The Ethiopian Nuclear Energy Commission
Established in October 2025, the Ethiopian Nuclear Energy Commission is tasked with overseeing the peaceful application of nuclear technology within the country. Its mandate encompasses:
- Developing nuclear power for electricity generation.
- Supporting industrial growth.
- Enhancing food security.
- Improving healthcare delivery.
- Advancing scientific research.
“We are not merely adding another technology; we are securing the foundation of our future economy,” Sandokan asserted, highlighting the transformative potential of nuclear energy for Ethiopia.
Commitment to Peaceful Use and International Standards
Ethiopia is committed to the exclusively peaceful use of nuclear technology, underpinned by the establishment of the Ethiopian Nuclear Energy Commission operating under a clear legal framework and a robust decision-making structure.
Ethiopia’s vision extends beyond electricity generation, encompassing the application of nuclear science in healthcare, agriculture, industry, and research to deliver tangible benefits to its citizens. The nation is aligning its national framework with International Atomic Energy Agency standards and adhering to all relevant international treaties and obligations.
“We stand ready and committed to achieving a peaceful nuclear development that will contribute to our energy security and economic growth,” Sandokan emphasized.
IAEA Support and Guidance
International Atomic Energy Agency Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi, in a webinar address, lauded the establishment of the Ethiopian Nuclear Energy Commission as crucial for developing and regulating nuclear power in accordance with international safety and security standards.
He emphasized the strong potential of nuclear energy as a reliable, quick, and low-carbon electricity source that could significantly accelerate Ethiopia’s socio-economic transformation, stimulate industrial growth, and create high-skilled employment opportunities.
The IAEA is fully committed to supporting Ethiopia through advisory and capacity-building services at every stage of its nuclear development program. The Agency is currently collaborating with Ethiopia under its Technical Cooperation Programme to strengthen human resources, institutional capacity, and preparedness for future infrastructure milestones.
Ensuring Safety and Sustainable Development
The Ethiopian Nuclear Energy Commission is dedicated to ensuring that all nuclear-related activities fully comply with international safety standards, particularly those set by the IAEA. A key function of the Commission is to guide the application of nuclear technology across critical sectors with a strong emphasis on sustainable development.
The Commission will coordinate national efforts in:
- Electricity generation
- Industrial growth
- Food security
- Healthcare services
- Scientific research
This coordinated approach aims to ensure the safe and responsible use of nuclear technology for national development, paving the way for a modern and industrialized Ethiopia.
